Principles of Tourism free essay sample

Travel facilitators are the factors of why someone will think about travelling. The two main factors are disposable income and leisure time. The more disposable income and leisure time you have the more you will want to plan a holiday or a break. This means that Australians that have these factors will come to New Zealand because it is close and they can put more money into activities and accommodation. This affects New Zealand’s tourists demand because the Australians are one of our biggest markets so if these factors start to decrease then our arrival numbers go down and we wont get as much money put into our country. Motivator – Motivators are the factors of what makes someone want to travel or what motivates them. For example if you are someone that works full time the factor that motivates you to go is that you need a relaxing break. Motivators depend on what sort of person you are and what your needs and wants are. The Mexican scientist Ramumbo has divided travel motivators into four categories. Physical motivators, cultural motivators, interpersonal motivators and status and prestige motivators. These all relate to our wants and needs of being a human. For Australians they would want to come over in the winter to ski or snowboard because they don’t have many places to do these activities in Australia. They might want explore the wine industry or try our cultural food. This affects the tourist demand because we need to advertise what we have that other countries don’t so people are motivated to come to our country and spend money. (collier, 2006, pp. 290-291) Resistance factor – resistance factors are the factors of why some wouldn’t want to travel, such as the perceived distance from origin to destination, the cost of traveling, natural disasters or even the exchange rate etc. For example a couple plan to visit New Zealand from Australia. They have planned to fly into Christchurch but there has been another earthquake so it makes them weary about flying into New Zealand. This means that resistance factors can stop someone from travelling which leads to less money going into the destination country. They can also be positive, for example you plan a trip to America but there has been a tourist attack on a plane so you decide to go to New Zealand instead. This is good for New Zealand but still a resistance factor to travel to America. 2. Transportation and accommodation – visitors to New Zealand from Australia tend to spend more time staying with friends and family then paid accommodation. Australian visitors have an overall satisfaction level of 17% with our accommodation. The most common use of transport for Australian tourists in New Zealand are rental cars/vans followed by private cars. Travel style – the most common travel style for an Australian tourist in NZ is by coach tour. It will be prepaid before they left Australia by themselves or a travel agent. This is called Semi-independent traveller Time and length of stay – Australians length of stay has significantly decreased in the past 12 years from over two weeks down to 10 days. Depending on where they stay changes the length of stay. For example, australians that fly into queenstown first stay for a shorter period of time because queenstown is very expensive. If they flew into nelson thye would stay longer because it is cheaper and there are more free natural attractions. Key regions and attractions experianced – the most common activities that australian tourists partook in are diving, waterskiing, birdwatching and hunting, with hunting being the most popular with 85% interest. This shows that most of the tourists from australia are adventure seekers or people that want to learn about New Zealands culture. 3. if the price of transport to New Zealand from australia increased there would be less tourists coming in from australia and less demand for flights, but if the price decreased we would have a lot more tourists coming in and spending money. If the exchange rate changes and it works out to be cheaper to visit New Zealand then more tourists will be visiting here. If it turns out that a tourist can exchange their money get not get much for it in the destination country then we will be getting less expenditure. 4. Maslow talks about our needs as a human. His theory is based on human development. This is shown in a triangle diagram; Physiological means our basic needs; breathing, food, water, sex, sleep etc. If you don’t have these things then theoretically you don’t have security. What Maslow means in this diagram is that we need to get to a certain mental stage to be more confident and get to the next stage in our mental development. â€Å"Until lower-level needs are satisfied, higher-level needs will not motivate behaviour. † (collier, 2006, p. 289) Ramumbo’s theory is based on Maslow’s theory. He has divided travel motivators into four categories. Physical motivators: means rest, sport holidays, relaxation, the taking of a holiday is now a necessity in life. Cultural motivators: means to learn about religions, art, music, traditions. To satisfy your curiosity of different places. Interpersonal motivators: means the desire to meet new people, visit family and friends, or to escape from routine. Status and prestige motivators: means popularity, satisfying personal needs, people that don’t really worry about how their disposable income is spent. Maslow’s and Ramumbo’s theories relate because they both describe the different stages in life. b.